Trait Sub 

pub trait Sub<Rhs = Self> {
    type Output;

    // Required method
    fn sub(self, rhs: Rhs) -> Self::Output;
}

The subtraction operator -.

Note that Rhs is Self by default, but this is not mandatory. For example, std::time::SystemTime implements Sub<Duration>, which permits operations of the form SystemTime = SystemTime - Duration.

Examples

Subtractable points

use std::ops::Sub;

#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
struct Point {
    x: i32,
    y: i32,
}

impl Sub for Point {
    type Output = Self;

    fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {
        Self {
            x: self.x - other.x,
            y: self.y - other.y,
        }
    }
}

assert_eq!(Point { x: 3, y: 3 } - Point { x: 2, y: 3 },
           Point { x: 1, y: 0 });

Implementing Sub with generics

Here is an example of the same Point struct implementing the Sub trait using generics.

use std::ops::Sub;

#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
struct Point<T> {
    x: T,
    y: T,
}

// Notice that the implementation uses the associated type `Output`.
impl<T: Sub<Output = T>> Sub for Point<T> {
    type Output = Self;

    fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {
        Point {
            x: self.x - other.x,
            y: self.y - other.y,
        }
    }
}

assert_eq!(Point { x: 2, y: 3 } - Point { x: 1, y: 0 },
           Point { x: 1, y: 3 });

Required Associated Types

type Output

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

Required Methods

fn sub(self, rhs: Rhs) -> Self::Output

Performs the - operation.

Example

assert_eq!(12 - 1, 11);

Implementors

impl Sub for f16

type Output = f16

impl Sub for f32

type Output = f32

impl Sub for f64

type Output = f64

impl Sub for f128

type Output = f128

impl Sub for i8

type Output = i8

impl Sub for i16

type Output = i16

impl Sub for i32

type Output = i32

impl Sub for i64

type Output = i64

impl Sub for i128

type Output = i128

impl Sub for isize

type Output = isize

impl Sub for u8

type Output = u8

impl Sub for u16

type Output = u16

impl Sub for u32

type Output = u32

impl Sub for u64

type Output = u64

impl Sub for u128

type Output = u128

impl Sub for usize

type Output = usize

impl Sub for PtraceAccessMode

type Output = PtraceAccessMode

impl Sub for SecureBits

type Output = SecureBits

impl Sub for Access

type Output = Access

impl Sub for InotifyMask

type Output = InotifyMask

impl Sub for IptIpFlagsV4

type Output = IptIpFlagsV4

impl Sub for IptIpFlagsV6

type Output = IptIpFlagsV6

impl Sub for IptIpInverseFlags

type Output = IptIpInverseFlags

impl Sub for NfIpHooks

type Output = NfIpHooks

impl Sub for NfNatRangeFlags

type Output = NfNatRangeFlags

impl Sub for XtTcpInverseFlags

type Output = XtTcpInverseFlags

impl Sub for XtUdpInverseFlags

type Output = XtUdpInverseFlags

impl Sub for MountFlags

type Output = MountFlags

impl Sub for starnix_uapi::open_flags::OpenFlags

type Output = OpenFlags

impl Sub for PersonalityFlags

type Output = PersonalityFlags

impl Sub for SealFlags

type Output = SealFlags

impl Sub for UnmountFlags

type Output = UnmountFlags

impl Sub for UserAddress

type Output = usize

impl Sub for FdEvents

type Output = FdEvents

impl Sub for ResolveFlags

type Output = ResolveFlags

impl Sub for Assume

type Output = Assume

impl Sub for Saturating<i8>

type Output = Saturating<i8>

impl Sub for Saturating<i16>

type Output = Saturating<i16>

impl Sub for Saturating<i32>

type Output = Saturating<i32>

impl Sub for Saturating<i64>

type Output = Saturating<i64>

impl Sub for Saturating<i128>

type Output = Saturating<i128>

impl Sub for Saturating<isize>

type Output = Saturating<isize>

impl Sub for Saturating<u8>

type Output = Saturating<u8>

impl Sub for Saturating<u16>

type Output = Saturating<u16>

impl Sub for Saturating<u32>

type Output = Saturating<u32>

impl Sub for Saturating<u64>

type Output = Saturating<u64>

impl Sub for Saturating<u128>

type Output = Saturating<u128>

impl Sub for Saturating<usize>

type Output = Saturating<usize>

impl Sub for Wrapping<i8>

type Output = Wrapping<i8>

impl Sub for Wrapping<i16>

type Output = Wrapping<i16>

impl Sub for Wrapping<i32>

type Output = Wrapping<i32>

impl Sub for Wrapping<i64>

type Output = Wrapping<i64>

impl Sub for Wrapping<i128>

type Output = Wrapping<i128>

impl Sub for Wrapping<isize>

type Output = Wrapping<isize>

impl Sub for Wrapping<u8>

type Output = Wrapping<u8>

impl Sub for Wrapping<u16>

type Output = Wrapping<u16>

impl Sub for Wrapping<u32>

type Output = Wrapping<u32>

impl Sub for Wrapping<u64>

type Output = Wrapping<u64>

impl Sub for Wrapping<u128>

type Output = Wrapping<u128>

impl Sub for Wrapping<usize>

type Output = Wrapping<usize>

impl Sub for starnix_uapi::arch32::__static_assertions::_core::time::Duration

type Output = Duration

impl Sub for std::time::Instant

type Output = Duration

impl Sub for NaiveDate

Subtracts another NaiveDate from the current date. Returns a TimeDelta of integral numbers.

This does not overflow or underflow at all, as all possible output fits in the range of TimeDelta.

The implementation is a wrapper around NaiveDate::signed_duration_since.

Example

use chrono::{NaiveDate, TimeDelta};

let from_ymd = |y, m, d| NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(y, m, d).unwrap();

assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - from_ymd(2014, 1, 1), TimeDelta::zero());
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - from_ymd(2013, 12, 31), TimeDelta::try_days(1).unwrap());
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - from_ymd(2014, 1, 2), TimeDelta::try_days(-1).unwrap());
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - from_ymd(2013, 9, 23), TimeDelta::try_days(100).unwrap());
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - from_ymd(2013, 1, 1), TimeDelta::try_days(365).unwrap());
assert_eq!(
    from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - from_ymd(2010, 1, 1),
    TimeDelta::try_days(365 * 4 + 1).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - from_ymd(1614, 1, 1),
    TimeDelta::try_days(365 * 400 + 97).unwrap()
);

type Output = TimeDelta

impl Sub for NaiveDateTime

Subtracts another NaiveDateTime from the current date and time. This does not overflow or underflow at all.

As a part of Chrono’s leap second handling, the subtraction assumes that there is no leap second ever, except when any of the NaiveDateTimes themselves represents a leap second in which case the assumption becomes that there are exactly one (or two) leap second(s) ever.

The implementation is a wrapper around NaiveDateTime::signed_duration_since.

Example

use chrono::{NaiveDate, TimeDelta};

let from_ymd = |y, m, d| NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(y, m, d).unwrap();

let d = from_ymd(2016, 7, 8);
assert_eq!(
    d.and_hms_opt(3, 5, 7).unwrap() - d.and_hms_opt(2, 4, 6).unwrap(),
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(3600 + 60 + 1).unwrap()
);

// July 8 is 190th day in the year 2016
let d0 = from_ymd(2016, 1, 1);
assert_eq!(
    d.and_hms_milli_opt(0, 7, 6, 500).unwrap() - d0.and_hms_opt(0, 0, 0).unwrap(),
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(189 * 86_400 + 7 * 60 + 6).unwrap()
        + TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(500).unwrap()
);

Leap seconds are handled, but the subtraction assumes that no other leap seconds happened.

let leap = from_ymd(2015, 6, 30).and_hms_milli_opt(23, 59, 59, 1_500).unwrap();
assert_eq!(
    leap - from_ymd(2015, 6, 30).and_hms_opt(23, 0, 0).unwrap(),
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(3600).unwrap() + TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(500).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    from_ymd(2015, 7, 1).and_hms_opt(1, 0, 0).unwrap() - leap,
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(3600).unwrap() - TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(500).unwrap()
);

type Output = TimeDelta

impl Sub for NaiveTime

Subtracts another NaiveTime from the current time. Returns a TimeDelta within +/- 1 day. This does not overflow or underflow at all.

As a part of Chrono’s leap second handling, the subtraction assumes that there is no leap second ever, except when any of the NaiveTimes themselves represents a leap second in which case the assumption becomes that there are exactly one (or two) leap second(s) ever.

The implementation is a wrapper around NaiveTime::signed_duration_since.

Example

use chrono::{NaiveTime, TimeDelta};

let from_hmsm = |h, m, s, milli| NaiveTime::from_hms_milli_opt(h, m, s, milli).unwrap();

assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900) - from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900), TimeDelta::zero());
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900) - from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 875),
    TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(25).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900) - from_hmsm(3, 5, 6, 925),
    TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(975).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900) - from_hmsm(3, 5, 0, 900),
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(7).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900) - from_hmsm(3, 0, 7, 900),
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(5 * 60).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900) - from_hmsm(0, 5, 7, 900),
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(3 * 3600).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900) - from_hmsm(4, 5, 7, 900),
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(-3600).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 900) - from_hmsm(2, 4, 6, 800),
    TimeDelta::try_seconds(3600 + 60 + 1).unwrap() + TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(100).unwrap()
);

Leap seconds are handled, but the subtraction assumes that there were no other leap seconds happened.

assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 0, 59, 1_000) - from_hmsm(3, 0, 59, 0), TimeDelta::try_seconds(1).unwrap());
assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 0, 59, 1_500) - from_hmsm(3, 0, 59, 0),
           TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(1500).unwrap());
assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 0, 59, 1_000) - from_hmsm(3, 0, 0, 0), TimeDelta::try_seconds(60).unwrap());
assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 0, 0, 0) - from_hmsm(2, 59, 59, 1_000), TimeDelta::try_seconds(1).unwrap());
assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 0, 59, 1_000) - from_hmsm(2, 59, 59, 1_000),
           TimeDelta::try_seconds(61).unwrap());

type Output = TimeDelta

impl Sub for TimeDelta

type Output = TimeDelta

impl Sub for AddressTaggingFeatureFlags

type Output = AddressTaggingFeatureFlags

impl Sub for AllocateMode

type Output = AllocateMode

impl Sub for AtRestFlags

type Output = AtRestFlags

impl Sub for BlockIndex

type Output = BlockIndex

impl Sub for BootInstant

type Output = Duration<BootTimeline>

impl Sub for BtiOptions

type Output = BtiOptions

impl Sub for ClockOpts

type Output = ClockOpts

impl Sub for ConfigMutability

type Output = ConfigMutability

impl Sub for ConfigMutability

type Output = ConfigMutability

impl Sub for CpuFeatureFlags

type Output = CpuFeatureFlags

impl Sub for DebugLogOpts

type Output = DebugLogOpts

impl Sub for DynamicFlags

type Output = DynamicFlags

impl Sub for ExceptionChannelOptions

type Output = ExceptionChannelOptions

impl Sub for FileSignal

type Output = FileSignal

impl Sub for Flags

type Output = Flags

impl Sub for IobAccess

type Output = IobAccess

impl Sub for JobCriticalOptions

type Output = JobCriticalOptions

impl Sub for MemoryStallKind

type Output = MemoryStallKind

impl Sub for ModeType

type Output = ModeType

impl Sub for MonotonicInstant

type Output = Duration<MonotonicTimeline>

impl Sub for NodeAttributeFlags

type Output = NodeAttributeFlags

impl Sub for NodeAttributesQuery

type Output = NodeAttributesQuery

impl Sub for NodeProtocolKinds

type Output = NodeProtocolKinds

impl Sub for OpenFlags

type Output = OpenFlags

impl Sub for Operations

type Output = Operations

impl Sub for PagerOptions

type Output = PagerOptions

impl Sub for PagerWritebackBeginOptions

type Output = PagerWritebackBeginOptions

impl Sub for PortOptions

type Output = PortOptions

impl Sub for ProcessInfoFlags

type Output = ProcessInfoFlags

impl Sub for ProcessOptions

type Output = ProcessOptions

impl Sub for RaiseExceptionOptions

type Output = RaiseExceptionOptions

impl Sub for ResourceFlag

type Output = ResourceFlag

impl Sub for ResourceKind

type Output = ResourceKind

impl Sub for Rights

type Output = Rights

impl Sub for Signals

type Output = Signals

impl Sub for SocketOpts

type Output = SocketOpts

impl Sub for SocketReadOpts

type Output = SocketReadOpts

impl Sub for SocketWriteOpts

type Output = SocketWriteOpts

impl Sub for StreamOptions

type Output = StreamOptions

impl Sub for StreamReadOptions

type Output = StreamReadOptions

impl Sub for StreamWriteOptions

type Output = StreamWriteOptions

impl Sub for TaskRuntimeInfo

type Output = TaskRuntimeInfo

impl Sub for TransferDataOptions

type Output = TransferDataOptions

impl Sub for UnlinkFlags

type Output = UnlinkFlags

impl Sub for VirtualMemoryFeatureFlags

type Output = VirtualMemoryFeatureFlags

impl Sub for VmarFlags

type Output = VmarFlags

impl Sub for VmarFlagsExtended

type Output = VmarFlagsExtended

impl Sub for VmoChildOptions

type Output = VmoChildOptions

impl Sub for VmoFlags

type Output = VmoFlags

impl Sub for VmoInfoFlags

type Output = VmoInfoFlags

impl Sub for VmoOptions

type Output = VmoOptions

impl Sub for WaitAsyncOpts

type Output = WaitAsyncOpts

impl Sub for WatchMask

type Output = WatchMask

impl Sub<&f16> for &f16

type Output = <f16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&f16> for f16

type Output = <f16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&f32> for &f32

type Output = <f32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&f32> for f32

type Output = <f32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&f64> for &f64

type Output = <f64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&f64> for f64

type Output = <f64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&f128> for &f128

type Output = <f128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&f128> for f128

type Output = <f128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i8> for &i8

type Output = <i8 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i8> for i8

type Output = <i8 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i16> for &i16

type Output = <i16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i16> for i16

type Output = <i16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i32> for &i32

type Output = <i32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i32> for i32

type Output = <i32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i64> for &i64

type Output = <i64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i64> for i64

type Output = <i64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i128> for &i128

type Output = <i128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&i128> for i128

type Output = <i128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&isize> for &isize

type Output = <isize as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&isize> for isize

type Output = <isize as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u8> for &u8

type Output = <u8 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u8> for u8

type Output = <u8 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u16> for &u16

type Output = <u16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u16> for u16

type Output = <u16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u32> for &u32

type Output = <u32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u32> for u32

type Output = <u32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u64> for &u64

type Output = <u64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u64> for u64

type Output = <u64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u128> for &u128

type Output = <u128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&u128> for u128

type Output = <u128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&usize> for &usize

type Output = <usize as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&usize> for usize

type Output = <usize as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i8>> for &Saturating<i8>

type Output = <Saturating<i8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i8>> for Saturating<i8>

type Output = <Saturating<i8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i16>> for &Saturating<i16>

type Output = <Saturating<i16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i16>> for Saturating<i16>

type Output = <Saturating<i16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i32>> for &Saturating<i32>

type Output = <Saturating<i32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i32>> for Saturating<i32>

type Output = <Saturating<i32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i64>> for &Saturating<i64>

type Output = <Saturating<i64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i64>> for Saturating<i64>

type Output = <Saturating<i64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i128>> for &Saturating<i128>

type Output = <Saturating<i128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<i128>> for Saturating<i128>

type Output = <Saturating<i128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<isize>> for &Saturating<isize>

type Output = <Saturating<isize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<isize>> for Saturating<isize>

type Output = <Saturating<isize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u8>> for &Saturating<u8>

type Output = <Saturating<u8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u8>> for Saturating<u8>

type Output = <Saturating<u8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u16>> for &Saturating<u16>

type Output = <Saturating<u16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u16>> for Saturating<u16>

type Output = <Saturating<u16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u32>> for &Saturating<u32>

type Output = <Saturating<u32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u32>> for Saturating<u32>

type Output = <Saturating<u32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u64>> for &Saturating<u64>

type Output = <Saturating<u64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u64>> for Saturating<u64>

type Output = <Saturating<u64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u128>> for &Saturating<u128>

type Output = <Saturating<u128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<u128>> for Saturating<u128>

type Output = <Saturating<u128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<usize>> for &Saturating<usize>

type Output = <Saturating<usize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Saturating<usize>> for Saturating<usize>

type Output = <Saturating<usize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i8>> for &Wrapping<i8>

type Output = <Wrapping<i8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i8>> for Wrapping<i8>

type Output = <Wrapping<i8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i16>> for &Wrapping<i16>

type Output = <Wrapping<i16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i16>> for Wrapping<i16>

type Output = <Wrapping<i16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i32>> for &Wrapping<i32>

type Output = <Wrapping<i32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i32>> for Wrapping<i32>

type Output = <Wrapping<i32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i64>> for &Wrapping<i64>

type Output = <Wrapping<i64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i64>> for Wrapping<i64>

type Output = <Wrapping<i64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i128>> for &Wrapping<i128>

type Output = <Wrapping<i128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<i128>> for Wrapping<i128>

type Output = <Wrapping<i128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<isize>> for &Wrapping<isize>

type Output = <Wrapping<isize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<isize>> for Wrapping<isize>

type Output = <Wrapping<isize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u8>> for &Wrapping<u8>

type Output = <Wrapping<u8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u8>> for Wrapping<u8>

type Output = <Wrapping<u8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u16>> for &Wrapping<u16>

type Output = <Wrapping<u16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u16>> for Wrapping<u16>

type Output = <Wrapping<u16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u32>> for &Wrapping<u32>

type Output = <Wrapping<u32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u32>> for Wrapping<u32>

type Output = <Wrapping<u32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u64>> for &Wrapping<u64>

type Output = <Wrapping<u64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u64>> for Wrapping<u64>

type Output = <Wrapping<u64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u128>> for &Wrapping<u128>

type Output = <Wrapping<u128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<u128>> for Wrapping<u128>

type Output = <Wrapping<u128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<usize>> for &Wrapping<usize>

type Output = <Wrapping<usize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<&Wrapping<usize>> for Wrapping<usize>

type Output = <Wrapping<usize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<f16> for &f16

type Output = <f16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<f32> for &f32

type Output = <f32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<f64> for &f64

type Output = <f64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<f128> for &f128

type Output = <f128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<i8> for &i8

type Output = <i8 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<i16> for &i16

type Output = <i16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<i32> for &i32

type Output = <i32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<i64> for &i64

type Output = <i64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<i128> for &i128

type Output = <i128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<isize> for &isize

type Output = <isize as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<u8> for &u8

type Output = <u8 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<u16> for &u16

type Output = <u16 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<u32> for &u32

type Output = <u32 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<u32> for UserAddress

type Output = Result<UserAddress, Errno>

impl Sub<u32> for BlockIndex

type Output = BlockIndex

impl Sub<u64> for &u64

type Output = <u64 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<u64> for UserAddress

type Output = Result<UserAddress, Errno>

impl Sub<u128> for &u128

type Output = <u128 as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<usize> for &usize

type Output = <usize as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<usize> for UserAddress

type Output = Result<UserAddress, Errno>

impl Sub<Saturating<i8>> for &Saturating<i8>

type Output = <Saturating<i8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<i16>> for &Saturating<i16>

type Output = <Saturating<i16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<i32>> for &Saturating<i32>

type Output = <Saturating<i32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<i64>> for &Saturating<i64>

type Output = <Saturating<i64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<i128>> for &Saturating<i128>

type Output = <Saturating<i128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<isize>> for &Saturating<isize>

type Output = <Saturating<isize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<u8>> for &Saturating<u8>

type Output = <Saturating<u8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<u16>> for &Saturating<u16>

type Output = <Saturating<u16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<u32>> for &Saturating<u32>

type Output = <Saturating<u32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<u64>> for &Saturating<u64>

type Output = <Saturating<u64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<u128>> for &Saturating<u128>

type Output = <Saturating<u128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Saturating<usize>> for &Saturating<usize>

type Output = <Saturating<usize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<i8>> for &Wrapping<i8>

type Output = <Wrapping<i8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<i16>> for &Wrapping<i16>

type Output = <Wrapping<i16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<i32>> for &Wrapping<i32>

type Output = <Wrapping<i32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<i64>> for &Wrapping<i64>

type Output = <Wrapping<i64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<i128>> for &Wrapping<i128>

type Output = <Wrapping<i128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<isize>> for &Wrapping<isize>

type Output = <Wrapping<isize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<u8>> for &Wrapping<u8>

type Output = <Wrapping<u8> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<u16>> for &Wrapping<u16>

type Output = <Wrapping<u16> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<u32>> for &Wrapping<u32>

type Output = <Wrapping<u32> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<u64>> for &Wrapping<u64>

type Output = <Wrapping<u64> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<u128>> for &Wrapping<u128>

type Output = <Wrapping<u128> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Wrapping<usize>> for &Wrapping<usize>

type Output = <Wrapping<usize> as Sub>::Output

impl Sub<Duration> for std::time::Instant

type Output = Instant

impl Sub<Duration> for SystemTime

type Output = SystemTime

impl Sub<Duration> for NaiveDateTime

Subtract std::time::Duration from NaiveDateTime.

As a part of Chrono’s [leap second handling] the subtraction assumes that there is no leap second ever, except when the NaiveDateTime itself represents a leap second in which case the assumption becomes that there is exactly a single leap second ever.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using NaiveDateTime::checked_sub_signed to get an Option instead.

type Output = NaiveDateTime

impl Sub<Duration> for NaiveTime

Subtract std::time::Duration from NaiveTime.

This wraps around and never overflows or underflows. In particular the subtraction ignores integral number of days.

type Output = NaiveTime

impl Sub<Months> for NaiveDate

Subtract Months from NaiveDate.

The result will be clamped to valid days in the resulting month, see checked_sub_months for details.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using NaiveDate::checked_sub_months to get an Option instead.

Example

use chrono::{Months, NaiveDate};

let from_ymd = |y, m, d| NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(y, m, d).unwrap();

assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - Months::new(11), from_ymd(2013, 2, 1));
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - Months::new(12), from_ymd(2013, 1, 1));
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - Months::new(13), from_ymd(2012, 12, 1));

type Output = NaiveDate

impl Sub<Months> for NaiveDateTime

Subtract Months from NaiveDateTime.

The result will be clamped to valid days in the resulting month, see NaiveDateTime::checked_sub_months for details.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using NaiveDateTime::checked_sub_months to get an Option instead.

Example

use chrono::{Months, NaiveDate};

assert_eq!(
    NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2014, 01, 01).unwrap().and_hms_opt(01, 00, 00).unwrap()
        - Months::new(11),
    NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2013, 02, 01).unwrap().and_hms_opt(01, 00, 00).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2014, 01, 01).unwrap().and_hms_opt(00, 02, 00).unwrap()
        - Months::new(12),
    NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2013, 01, 01).unwrap().and_hms_opt(00, 02, 00).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2014, 01, 01).unwrap().and_hms_opt(00, 00, 03).unwrap()
        - Months::new(13),
    NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2012, 12, 01).unwrap().and_hms_opt(00, 00, 03).unwrap()
);

type Output = NaiveDateTime

impl Sub<Days> for NaiveDate

Subtract Days from NaiveDate.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using NaiveDate::checked_sub_days to get an Option instead.

type Output = NaiveDate

impl Sub<Days> for NaiveDateTime

Subtract Days from NaiveDateTime.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using checked_sub_days to get an Option instead.

type Output = NaiveDateTime

impl Sub<FixedOffset> for NaiveDateTime

Subtract FixedOffset from NaiveDateTime.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using checked_sub_offset to get an Option instead.

type Output = NaiveDateTime

impl Sub<FixedOffset> for NaiveTime

Subtract FixedOffset from NaiveTime.

This wraps around and never overflows or underflows. In particular the subtraction ignores integral number of days.

type Output = NaiveTime

impl Sub<TimeDelta> for NaiveDate

Subtract TimeDelta from NaiveDate.

This discards the fractional days in TimeDelta, rounding to the closest integral number of days towards TimeDelta::zero(). It is the same as the addition with a negated TimeDelta.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using NaiveDate::checked_sub_signed to get an Option instead.

Example

use chrono::{NaiveDate, TimeDelta};

let from_ymd = |y, m, d| NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(y, m, d).unwrap();

assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - TimeDelta::zero(), from_ymd(2014, 1, 1));
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(86399).unwrap(), from_ymd(2014, 1, 1));
assert_eq!(
    from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(-86399).unwrap(),
    from_ymd(2014, 1, 1)
);
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - TimeDelta::try_days(1).unwrap(), from_ymd(2013, 12, 31));
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - TimeDelta::try_days(-1).unwrap(), from_ymd(2014, 1, 2));
assert_eq!(from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - TimeDelta::try_days(364).unwrap(), from_ymd(2013, 1, 2));
assert_eq!(
    from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - TimeDelta::try_days(365 * 4 + 1).unwrap(),
    from_ymd(2010, 1, 1)
);
assert_eq!(
    from_ymd(2014, 1, 1) - TimeDelta::try_days(365 * 400 + 97).unwrap(),
    from_ymd(1614, 1, 1)
);

type Output = NaiveDate

impl Sub<TimeDelta> for NaiveDateTime

Subtract TimeDelta from NaiveDateTime.

This is the same as the addition with a negated TimeDelta.

As a part of Chrono’s leap second handling the subtraction assumes that there is no leap second ever, except when the NaiveDateTime itself represents a leap second in which case the assumption becomes that there is exactly a single leap second ever.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using NaiveDateTime::checked_sub_signed to get an Option instead.

Example

use chrono::{NaiveDate, TimeDelta};

let from_ymd = |y, m, d| NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(y, m, d).unwrap();

let d = from_ymd(2016, 7, 8);
let hms = |h, m, s| d.and_hms_opt(h, m, s).unwrap();
assert_eq!(hms(3, 5, 7) - TimeDelta::zero(), hms(3, 5, 7));
assert_eq!(hms(3, 5, 7) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(1).unwrap(), hms(3, 5, 6));
assert_eq!(hms(3, 5, 7) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(-1).unwrap(), hms(3, 5, 8));
assert_eq!(hms(3, 5, 7) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(3600 + 60).unwrap(), hms(2, 4, 7));
assert_eq!(
    hms(3, 5, 7) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(86_400).unwrap(),
    from_ymd(2016, 7, 7).and_hms_opt(3, 5, 7).unwrap()
);
assert_eq!(
    hms(3, 5, 7) - TimeDelta::try_days(365).unwrap(),
    from_ymd(2015, 7, 9).and_hms_opt(3, 5, 7).unwrap()
);

let hmsm = |h, m, s, milli| d.and_hms_milli_opt(h, m, s, milli).unwrap();
assert_eq!(hmsm(3, 5, 7, 450) - TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(670).unwrap(), hmsm(3, 5, 6, 780));

Leap seconds are handled, but the subtraction assumes that it is the only leap second happened.

let leap = hmsm(3, 5, 59, 1_300);
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::zero(), hmsm(3, 5, 59, 1_300));
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(200).unwrap(), hmsm(3, 5, 59, 1_100));
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(500).unwrap(), hmsm(3, 5, 59, 800));
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::try_seconds(60).unwrap(), hmsm(3, 5, 0, 300));
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::try_days(1).unwrap(),
           from_ymd(2016, 7, 7).and_hms_milli_opt(3, 6, 0, 300).unwrap());

type Output = NaiveDateTime

impl Sub<TimeDelta> for NaiveTime

Subtract TimeDelta from NaiveTime.

This wraps around and never overflows or underflows. In particular the subtraction ignores integral number of days. This is the same as addition with a negated TimeDelta.

As a part of Chrono’s leap second handling, the subtraction assumes that there is no leap second ever, except when the NaiveTime itself represents a leap second in which case the assumption becomes that there is exactly a single leap second ever.

Example

use chrono::{NaiveTime, TimeDelta};

let from_hmsm = |h, m, s, milli| NaiveTime::from_hms_milli_opt(h, m, s, milli).unwrap();

assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0) - TimeDelta::zero(), from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0));
assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(1).unwrap(), from_hmsm(3, 5, 6, 0));
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(60 + 5).unwrap(),
    from_hmsm(3, 4, 2, 0)
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(2 * 60 * 60 + 6 * 60).unwrap(),
    from_hmsm(0, 59, 7, 0)
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0) - TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(80).unwrap(),
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 6, 920)
);
assert_eq!(
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 950) - TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(280).unwrap(),
    from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 670)
);

The subtraction wraps around.

assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0) - TimeDelta::try_seconds(8*60*60).unwrap(), from_hmsm(19, 5, 7, 0));
assert_eq!(from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0) - TimeDelta::try_days(800).unwrap(), from_hmsm(3, 5, 7, 0));

Leap seconds are handled, but the subtraction assumes that it is the only leap second happened.

let leap = from_hmsm(3, 5, 59, 1_300);
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::zero(), from_hmsm(3, 5, 59, 1_300));
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(200).unwrap(), from_hmsm(3, 5, 59, 1_100));
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::try_milliseconds(500).unwrap(), from_hmsm(3, 5, 59, 800));
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::try_seconds(60).unwrap(), from_hmsm(3, 5, 0, 300));
assert_eq!(leap - TimeDelta::try_days(1).unwrap(), from_hmsm(3, 6, 0, 300));

type Output = NaiveTime

impl Sub<Duration<BootTimeline>> for BootInstant

type Output = BootInstant

impl Sub<Duration<MonotonicTimeline>> for MonotonicInstant

type Output = MonotonicInstant

impl<'lhs, 'rhs, T, const N: usize> Sub<&'rhs Simd<T, N>> for &'lhs Simd<T, N>

where T: SimdElement, Simd<T, N>: Sub<Output = Simd<T, N>>, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<T, N>

impl<O> Sub for F32<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = F32<O>

impl<O> Sub for F64<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = F64<O>

impl<O> Sub for I16<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I16<O>

impl<O> Sub for I32<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I32<O>

impl<O> Sub for I64<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I64<O>

impl<O> Sub for I128<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I128<O>

impl<O> Sub for Isize<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = Isize<O>

impl<O> Sub for U16<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U16<O>

impl<O> Sub for U32<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U32<O>

impl<O> Sub for U64<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U64<O>

impl<O> Sub for U128<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U128<O>

impl<O> Sub for Usize<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = Usize<O>

impl<O> Sub<f32> for F32<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = F32<O>

impl<O> Sub<f64> for F64<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = F64<O>

impl<O> Sub<i16> for I16<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I16<O>

impl<O> Sub<i32> for I32<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I32<O>

impl<O> Sub<i64> for I64<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I64<O>

impl<O> Sub<i128> for I128<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I128<O>

impl<O> Sub<isize> for Isize<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = Isize<O>

impl<O> Sub<u16> for U16<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U16<O>

impl<O> Sub<u32> for U32<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U32<O>

impl<O> Sub<u64> for U64<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U64<O>

impl<O> Sub<u128> for U128<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U128<O>

impl<O> Sub<usize> for Usize<O>

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = Usize<O>

impl<O> Sub<F32<O>> for f32

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = F32<O>

impl<O> Sub<F64<O>> for f64

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = F64<O>

impl<O> Sub<I16<O>> for i16

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I16<O>

impl<O> Sub<I32<O>> for i32

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I32<O>

impl<O> Sub<I64<O>> for i64

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I64<O>

impl<O> Sub<I128<O>> for i128

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = I128<O>

impl<O> Sub<Isize<O>> for isize

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = Isize<O>

impl<O> Sub<U16<O>> for u16

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U16<O>

impl<O> Sub<U32<O>> for u32

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U32<O>

impl<O> Sub<U64<O>> for u64

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U64<O>

impl<O> Sub<U128<O>> for u128

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = U128<O>

impl<O> Sub<Usize<O>> for usize

where O: ByteOrder,

type Output = Usize<O>

impl<T, A> Sub<&BTreeSet<T, A>> for &BTreeSet<T, A>

where T: Ord + Clone, A: Allocator + Clone,

type Output = BTreeSet<T, A>

impl<T, S1, S2> Sub<&IndexSet<T, S2>> for &IndexSet<T, S1>

where T: Eq + Hash + Clone, S1: BuildHasher + Default, S2: BuildHasher,

type Output = IndexSet<T, S1>

impl<T, S> Sub<&HashSet<T, S>> for &std::collections::hash::set::HashSet<T, S>

where T: Eq + Hash + Clone, S: BuildHasher + Default,

type Output = HashSet<T, S>

impl<T, S> Sub<&AHashSet<T, S>> for &AHashSet<T, S>

where T: Eq + Hash + Clone, S: BuildHasher + Default,

type Output = AHashSet<T, S>

impl<T, S> Sub<&HashSet<T, S>> for &HashSet<T, S>

where T: Eq + Hash + Clone, S: BuildHasher + Default,

type Output = HashSet<T, S>

impl<T, U> Sub for Duration<T, U>

where T: Timeline, U: TimeUnit,

type Output = Duration<T, U>

impl<T, U> Sub for Instant<T, U>

where T: Timeline, U: TimeUnit,

type Output = Duration<T, U>

impl<T, U> Sub<Duration<T, U>> for Instant<T, U>

where T: Timeline, U: TimeUnit,

type Output = Instant<T, U>

impl<T, const N: usize> Sub<&Simd<T, N>> for Simd<T, N>

where T: SimdElement, Simd<T, N>: Sub<Output = Simd<T, N>>, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<T, N>

impl<T, const N: usize> Sub<Simd<T, N>> for &Simd<T, N>

where T: SimdElement, Simd<T, N>: Sub<Output = Simd<T, N>>, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<T, N>

impl<Tz> Sub for Date<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

type Output = TimeDelta

impl<Tz> Sub for DateTime<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

type Output = TimeDelta

impl<Tz> Sub<&DateTime<Tz>> for DateTime<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

type Output = TimeDelta

impl<Tz> Sub<Duration> for DateTime<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

Subtract std::time::Duration from DateTime.

As a part of Chrono’s [leap second handling] the subtraction assumes that there is no leap second ever, except when the DateTime itself represents a leap second in which case the assumption becomes that there is exactly a single leap second ever.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using DateTime<Tz>::checked_sub_signed to get an Option instead.

type Output = DateTime<Tz>

impl<Tz> Sub<Months> for DateTime<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

Subtract Months from DateTime.

The result will be clamped to valid days in the resulting month, see DateTime<Tz>::checked_sub_months for details.

Panics

Panics if:

• The resulting date would be out of range.
• The local time at the resulting date does not exist or is ambiguous, for example during a daylight saving time transition.

Strongly consider using DateTime<Tz>::checked_sub_months to get an Option instead.

type Output = DateTime<Tz>

impl<Tz> Sub<Days> for DateTime<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

Subtract Days from DateTime.

Panics

Panics if:

• The resulting date would be out of range.
• The local time at the resulting date does not exist or is ambiguous, for example during a daylight saving time transition.

Strongly consider using DateTime<Tz>::checked_sub_days to get an Option instead.

type Output = DateTime<Tz>

impl<Tz> Sub<FixedOffset> for DateTime<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

Subtract FixedOffset from the datetime value of DateTime (offset remains unchanged).

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range.

type Output = DateTime<Tz>

impl<Tz> Sub<TimeDelta> for Date<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

type Output = Date<Tz>

impl<Tz> Sub<TimeDelta> for DateTime<Tz>

where Tz: TimeZone,

Subtract TimeDelta from DateTime.

This is the same as the addition with a negated TimeDelta.

As a part of Chrono’s [leap second handling] the subtraction assumes that there is no leap second ever, except when the DateTime itself represents a leap second in which case the assumption becomes that there is exactly a single leap second ever.

Panics

Panics if the resulting date would be out of range. Consider using DateTime<Tz>::checked_sub_signed to get an Option instead.

type Output = DateTime<Tz>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<f32, N>

where f32: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<f32, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<f64, N>

where f64: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<f64, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<i8, N>

where i8: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<i8, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<i16, N>

where i16: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<i16, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<i32, N>

where i32: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<i32, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<i64, N>

where i64: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<i64, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<isize, N>

where isize: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<isize, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<u8, N>

where u8: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<u8, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<u16, N>

where u16: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<u16, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<u32, N>

where u32: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<u32, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<u64, N>

where u64: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<u64, N>

impl<const N: usize> Sub for Simd<usize, N>

where usize: SimdElement, LaneCount<N>: SupportedLaneCount,

type Output = Simd<usize, N>