tempfile/file/
mod.rs

1use std::env;
2use std::error;
3use std::ffi::OsStr;
4use std::fmt;
5use std::fs::{self, File, OpenOptions};
6use std::io::{self, Read, Seek, SeekFrom, Write};
7use std::mem;
8use std::ops::Deref;
9use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
10
11use crate::error::IoResultExt;
12use crate::Builder;
13
14mod imp;
15
16/// Create a new temporary file.
17///
18/// The file will be created in the location returned by [`std::env::temp_dir()`].
19///
20/// # Security
21///
22/// This variant is secure/reliable in the presence of a pathological temporary file cleaner.
23///
24/// # Resource Leaking
25///
26/// The temporary file will be automatically removed by the OS when the last handle to it is closed.
27/// This doesn't rely on Rust destructors being run, so will (almost) never fail to clean up the temporary file.
28///
29/// # Errors
30///
31/// If the file can not be created, `Err` is returned.
32///
33/// # Examples
34///
35/// ```
36/// use tempfile::tempfile;
37/// use std::io::{self, Write};
38///
39/// # fn main() {
40/// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
41/// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
42/// #     }
43/// # }
44/// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
45/// // Create a file inside of `std::env::temp_dir()`.
46/// let mut file = tempfile()?;
47///
48/// writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
49/// # Ok(())
50/// # }
51/// ```
52///
53/// [`std::env::temp_dir()`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/env/fn.temp_dir.html
54pub fn tempfile() -> io::Result<File> {
55    tempfile_in(&env::temp_dir())
56}
57
58/// Create a new temporary file in the specified directory.
59///
60/// # Security
61///
62/// This variant is secure/reliable in the presence of a pathological temporary file cleaner.
63/// If the temporary file isn't created in [`std::env::temp_dir()`] then temporary file cleaners aren't an issue.
64///
65/// # Resource Leaking
66///
67/// The temporary file will be automatically removed by the OS when the last handle to it is closed.
68/// This doesn't rely on Rust destructors being run, so will (almost) never fail to clean up the temporary file.
69///
70/// # Errors
71///
72/// If the file can not be created, `Err` is returned.
73///
74/// # Examples
75///
76/// ```
77/// use tempfile::tempfile_in;
78/// use std::io::{self, Write};
79///
80/// # fn main() {
81/// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
82/// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
83/// #     }
84/// # }
85/// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
86/// // Create a file inside of the current working directory
87/// let mut file = tempfile_in("./")?;
88///
89/// writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
90/// # Ok(())
91/// # }
92/// ```
93///
94/// [`std::env::temp_dir()`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/env/fn.temp_dir.html
95pub fn tempfile_in<P: AsRef<Path>>(dir: P) -> io::Result<File> {
96    imp::create(dir.as_ref())
97}
98
99/// Error returned when persisting a temporary file path fails.
100#[derive(Debug)]
101pub struct PathPersistError {
102    /// The underlying IO error.
103    pub error: io::Error,
104    /// The temporary file path that couldn't be persisted.
105    pub path: TempPath,
106}
107
108impl From<PathPersistError> for io::Error {
109    #[inline]
110    fn from(error: PathPersistError) -> io::Error {
111        error.error
112    }
113}
114
115impl From<PathPersistError> for TempPath {
116    #[inline]
117    fn from(error: PathPersistError) -> TempPath {
118        error.path
119    }
120}
121
122impl fmt::Display for PathPersistError {
123    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
124        write!(f, "failed to persist temporary file path: {}", self.error)
125    }
126}
127
128impl error::Error for PathPersistError {
129    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn error::Error + 'static)> {
130        Some(&self.error)
131    }
132}
133
134/// A path to a named temporary file without an open file handle.
135///
136/// This is useful when the temporary file needs to be used by a child process,
137/// for example.
138///
139/// When dropped, the temporary file is deleted.
140pub struct TempPath {
141    path: PathBuf,
142}
143
144impl TempPath {
145    /// Close and remove the temporary file.
146    ///
147    /// Use this if you want to detect errors in deleting the file.
148    ///
149    /// # Errors
150    ///
151    /// If the file cannot be deleted, `Err` is returned.
152    ///
153    /// # Examples
154    ///
155    /// ```no_run
156    /// # use std::io;
157    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
158    ///
159    /// # fn main() {
160    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
161    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
162    /// #     }
163    /// # }
164    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
165    /// let file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
166    ///
167    /// // Close the file, but keep the path to it around.
168    /// let path = file.into_temp_path();
169    ///
170    /// // By closing the `TempPath` explicitly, we can check that it has
171    /// // been deleted successfully. If we don't close it explicitly, the
172    /// // file will still be deleted when `file` goes out of scope, but we
173    /// // won't know whether deleting the file succeeded.
174    /// path.close()?;
175    /// # Ok(())
176    /// # }
177    /// ```
178    pub fn close(mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
179        let result = fs::remove_file(&self.path).with_err_path(|| &self.path);
180        self.path = PathBuf::new();
181        mem::forget(self);
182        result
183    }
184
185    /// Persist the temporary file at the target path.
186    ///
187    /// If a file exists at the target path, persist will atomically replace it.
188    /// If this method fails, it will return `self` in the resulting
189    /// [`PathPersistError`].
190    ///
191    /// Note: Temporary files cannot be persisted across filesystems. Also
192    /// neither the file contents nor the containing directory are
193    /// synchronized, so the update may not yet have reached the disk when
194    /// `persist` returns.
195    ///
196    /// # Security
197    ///
198    /// Only use this method if you're positive that a temporary file cleaner
199    /// won't have deleted your file. Otherwise, you might end up persisting an
200    /// attacker controlled file.
201    ///
202    /// # Errors
203    ///
204    /// If the file cannot be moved to the new location, `Err` is returned.
205    ///
206    /// # Examples
207    ///
208    /// ```no_run
209    /// # use std::io::{self, Write};
210    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
211    ///
212    /// # fn main() {
213    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
214    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
215    /// #     }
216    /// # }
217    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
218    /// let mut file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
219    /// writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
220    ///
221    /// let path = file.into_temp_path();
222    /// path.persist("./saved_file.txt")?;
223    /// # Ok(())
224    /// # }
225    /// ```
226    ///
227    /// [`PathPersistError`]: struct.PathPersistError.html
228    pub fn persist<P: AsRef<Path>>(mut self, new_path: P) -> Result<(), PathPersistError> {
229        match imp::persist(&self.path, new_path.as_ref(), true) {
230            Ok(_) => {
231                // Don't drop `self`. We don't want to try deleting the old
232                // temporary file path. (It'll fail, but the failure is never
233                // seen.)
234                self.path = PathBuf::new();
235                mem::forget(self);
236                Ok(())
237            }
238            Err(e) => Err(PathPersistError {
239                error: e,
240                path: self,
241            }),
242        }
243    }
244
245    /// Persist the temporary file at the target path if and only if no file exists there.
246    ///
247    /// If a file exists at the target path, fail. If this method fails, it will
248    /// return `self` in the resulting [`PathPersistError`].
249    ///
250    /// Note: Temporary files cannot be persisted across filesystems. Also Note:
251    /// This method is not atomic. It can leave the original link to the
252    /// temporary file behind.
253    ///
254    /// # Security
255    ///
256    /// Only use this method if you're positive that a temporary file cleaner
257    /// won't have deleted your file. Otherwise, you might end up persisting an
258    /// attacker controlled file.
259    ///
260    /// # Errors
261    ///
262    /// If the file cannot be moved to the new location or a file already exists
263    /// there, `Err` is returned.
264    ///
265    /// # Examples
266    ///
267    /// ```no_run
268    /// # use std::io::{self, Write};
269    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
270    ///
271    /// # fn main() {
272    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
273    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
274    /// #     }
275    /// # }
276    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
277    /// let mut file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
278    /// writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
279    ///
280    /// let path = file.into_temp_path();
281    /// path.persist_noclobber("./saved_file.txt")?;
282    /// # Ok(())
283    /// # }
284    /// ```
285    ///
286    /// [`PathPersistError`]: struct.PathPersistError.html
287    pub fn persist_noclobber<P: AsRef<Path>>(
288        mut self,
289        new_path: P,
290    ) -> Result<(), PathPersistError> {
291        match imp::persist(&self.path, new_path.as_ref(), false) {
292            Ok(_) => {
293                // Don't drop `self`. We don't want to try deleting the old
294                // temporary file path. (It'll fail, but the failure is never
295                // seen.)
296                self.path = PathBuf::new();
297                mem::forget(self);
298                Ok(())
299            }
300            Err(e) => Err(PathPersistError {
301                error: e,
302                path: self,
303            }),
304        }
305    }
306
307    /// Keep the temporary file from being deleted. This function will turn the
308    /// temporary file into a non-temporary file without moving it.
309    ///
310    ///
311    /// # Errors
312    ///
313    /// On some platforms (e.g., Windows), we need to mark the file as
314    /// non-temporary. This operation could fail.
315    ///
316    /// # Examples
317    ///
318    /// ```no_run
319    /// # use std::io::{self, Write};
320    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
321    ///
322    /// # fn main() {
323    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
324    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
325    /// #     }
326    /// # }
327    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
328    /// let mut file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
329    /// writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
330    ///
331    /// let path = file.into_temp_path();
332    /// let path = path.keep()?;
333    /// # Ok(())
334    /// # }
335    /// ```
336    ///
337    /// [`PathPersistError`]: struct.PathPersistError.html
338    pub fn keep(mut self) -> Result<PathBuf, PathPersistError> {
339        match imp::keep(&self.path) {
340            Ok(_) => {
341                // Don't drop `self`. We don't want to try deleting the old
342                // temporary file path. (It'll fail, but the failure is never
343                // seen.)
344                let path = mem::replace(&mut self.path, PathBuf::new());
345                mem::forget(self);
346                Ok(path)
347            }
348            Err(e) => Err(PathPersistError {
349                error: e,
350                path: self,
351            }),
352        }
353    }
354}
355
356impl fmt::Debug for TempPath {
357    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
358        self.path.fmt(f)
359    }
360}
361
362impl Drop for TempPath {
363    fn drop(&mut self) {
364        let _ = fs::remove_file(&self.path);
365    }
366}
367
368impl Deref for TempPath {
369    type Target = Path;
370
371    fn deref(&self) -> &Path {
372        &self.path
373    }
374}
375
376impl AsRef<Path> for TempPath {
377    fn as_ref(&self) -> &Path {
378        &self.path
379    }
380}
381
382impl AsRef<OsStr> for TempPath {
383    fn as_ref(&self) -> &OsStr {
384        self.path.as_os_str()
385    }
386}
387
388/// A named temporary file.
389///
390/// The default constructor, [`NamedTempFile::new()`], creates files in
391/// the location returned by [`std::env::temp_dir()`], but `NamedTempFile`
392/// can be configured to manage a temporary file in any location
393/// by constructing with [`NamedTempFile::new_in()`].
394///
395/// # Security
396///
397/// Most operating systems employ temporary file cleaners to delete old
398/// temporary files. Unfortunately these temporary file cleaners don't always
399/// reliably _detect_ whether the temporary file is still being used.
400///
401/// Specifically, the following sequence of events can happen:
402///
403/// 1. A user creates a temporary file with `NamedTempFile::new()`.
404/// 2. Time passes.
405/// 3. The temporary file cleaner deletes (unlinks) the temporary file from the
406///    filesystem.
407/// 4. Some other program creates a new file to replace this deleted temporary
408///    file.
409/// 5. The user tries to re-open the temporary file (in the same program or in a
410///    different program) by path. Unfortunately, they'll end up opening the
411///    file created by the other program, not the original file.
412///
413/// ## Operating System Specific Concerns
414///
415/// The behavior of temporary files and temporary file cleaners differ by
416/// operating system.
417///
418/// ### Windows
419///
420/// On Windows, open files _can't_ be deleted. This removes most of the concerns
421/// around temporary file cleaners.
422///
423/// Furthermore, temporary files are, by default, created in per-user temporary
424/// file directories so only an application running as the same user would be
425/// able to interfere (which they could do anyways). However, an application
426/// running as the same user can still _accidentally_ re-create deleted
427/// temporary files if the number of random bytes in the temporary file name is
428/// too small.
429///
430/// So, the only real concern on Windows is:
431///
432/// 1. Opening a named temporary file in a world-writable directory.
433/// 2. Using the `into_temp_path()` and/or `into_parts()` APIs to close the file
434///    handle without deleting the underlying file.
435/// 3. Continuing to use the file by path.
436///
437/// ### UNIX
438///
439/// Unlike on Windows, UNIX (and UNIX like) systems allow open files to be
440/// "unlinked" (deleted).
441///
442/// #### MacOS
443///
444/// Like on Windows, temporary files are created in per-user temporary file
445/// directories by default so calling `NamedTempFile::new()` should be
446/// relatively safe.
447///
448/// #### Linux
449///
450/// Unfortunately, most _Linux_ distributions don't create per-user temporary
451/// file directories. Worse, systemd's tmpfiles daemon (a common temporary file
452/// cleaner) will happily remove open temporary files if they haven't been
453/// modified within the last 10 days.
454///
455/// # Resource Leaking
456///
457/// If the program exits before the `NamedTempFile` destructor is
458/// run, such as via [`std::process::exit()`], by segfaulting, or by
459/// receiving a signal like `SIGINT`, then the temporary file
460/// will not be deleted.
461///
462/// Use the [`tempfile()`] function unless you absolutely need a named file.
463///
464/// [`tempfile()`]: fn.tempfile.html
465/// [`NamedTempFile::new()`]: #method.new
466/// [`NamedTempFile::new_in()`]: #method.new_in
467/// [`std::env::temp_dir()`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/env/fn.temp_dir.html
468/// [`std::process::exit()`]: http://doc.rust-lang.org/std/process/fn.exit.html
469pub struct NamedTempFile {
470    path: TempPath,
471    file: File,
472}
473
474impl fmt::Debug for NamedTempFile {
475    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
476        write!(f, "NamedTempFile({:?})", self.path)
477    }
478}
479
480impl AsRef<Path> for NamedTempFile {
481    #[inline]
482    fn as_ref(&self) -> &Path {
483        self.path()
484    }
485}
486
487/// Error returned when persisting a temporary file fails.
488#[derive(Debug)]
489pub struct PersistError {
490    /// The underlying IO error.
491    pub error: io::Error,
492    /// The temporary file that couldn't be persisted.
493    pub file: NamedTempFile,
494}
495
496impl From<PersistError> for io::Error {
497    #[inline]
498    fn from(error: PersistError) -> io::Error {
499        error.error
500    }
501}
502
503impl From<PersistError> for NamedTempFile {
504    #[inline]
505    fn from(error: PersistError) -> NamedTempFile {
506        error.file
507    }
508}
509
510impl fmt::Display for PersistError {
511    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
512        write!(f, "failed to persist temporary file: {}", self.error)
513    }
514}
515
516impl error::Error for PersistError {
517    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn error::Error + 'static)> {
518        Some(&self.error)
519    }
520}
521
522impl NamedTempFile {
523    /// Create a new named temporary file.
524    ///
525    /// See [`Builder`] for more configuration.
526    ///
527    /// # Security
528    ///
529    /// This will create a temporary file in the default temporary file
530    /// directory (platform dependent). This has security implications on many
531    /// platforms so please read the security section of this type's
532    /// documentation.
533    ///
534    /// Reasons to use this method:
535    ///
536    ///   1. The file has a short lifetime and your temporary file cleaner is
537    ///      sane (doesn't delete recently accessed files).
538    ///
539    ///   2. You trust every user on your system (i.e. you are the only user).
540    ///
541    ///   3. You have disabled your system's temporary file cleaner or verified
542    ///      that your system doesn't have a temporary file cleaner.
543    ///
544    /// Reasons not to use this method:
545    ///
546    ///   1. You'll fix it later. No you won't.
547    ///
548    ///   2. You don't care about the security of the temporary file. If none of
549    ///      the "reasons to use this method" apply, referring to a temporary
550    ///      file by name may allow an attacker to create/overwrite your
551    ///      non-temporary files. There are exceptions but if you don't already
552    ///      know them, don't use this method.
553    ///
554    /// # Errors
555    ///
556    /// If the file can not be created, `Err` is returned.
557    ///
558    /// # Examples
559    ///
560    /// Create a named temporary file and write some data to it:
561    ///
562    /// ```no_run
563    /// # use std::io::{self, Write};
564    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
565    ///
566    /// # fn main() {
567    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
568    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
569    /// #     }
570    /// # }
571    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), ::std::io::Error> {
572    /// let mut file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
573    ///
574    /// writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
575    /// # Ok(())
576    /// # }
577    /// ```
578    ///
579    /// [`Builder`]: struct.Builder.html
580    pub fn new() -> io::Result<NamedTempFile> {
581        Builder::new().tempfile()
582    }
583
584    /// Create a new named temporary file in the specified directory.
585    ///
586    /// See [`NamedTempFile::new()`] for details.
587    ///
588    /// [`NamedTempFile::new()`]: #method.new
589    pub fn new_in<P: AsRef<Path>>(dir: P) -> io::Result<NamedTempFile> {
590        Builder::new().tempfile_in(dir)
591    }
592
593    /// Get the temporary file's path.
594    ///
595    /// # Security
596    ///
597    /// Referring to a temporary file's path may not be secure in all cases.
598    /// Please read the security section on the top level documentation of this
599    /// type for details.
600    ///
601    /// # Examples
602    ///
603    /// ```no_run
604    /// # use std::io::{self, Write};
605    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
606    ///
607    /// # fn main() {
608    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
609    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
610    /// #     }
611    /// # }
612    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), ::std::io::Error> {
613    /// let file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
614    ///
615    /// println!("{:?}", file.path());
616    /// # Ok(())
617    /// # }
618    /// ```
619    #[inline]
620    pub fn path(&self) -> &Path {
621        &self.path
622    }
623
624    /// Close and remove the temporary file.
625    ///
626    /// Use this if you want to detect errors in deleting the file.
627    ///
628    /// # Errors
629    ///
630    /// If the file cannot be deleted, `Err` is returned.
631    ///
632    /// # Examples
633    ///
634    /// ```no_run
635    /// # use std::io;
636    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
637    ///
638    /// # fn main() {
639    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
640    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
641    /// #     }
642    /// # }
643    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
644    /// let file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
645    ///
646    /// // By closing the `NamedTempFile` explicitly, we can check that it has
647    /// // been deleted successfully. If we don't close it explicitly,
648    /// // the file will still be deleted when `file` goes out
649    /// // of scope, but we won't know whether deleting the file
650    /// // succeeded.
651    /// file.close()?;
652    /// # Ok(())
653    /// # }
654    /// ```
655    pub fn close(self) -> io::Result<()> {
656        let NamedTempFile { path, .. } = self;
657        path.close()
658    }
659
660    /// Persist the temporary file at the target path.
661    ///
662    /// If a file exists at the target path, persist will atomically replace it.
663    /// If this method fails, it will return `self` in the resulting
664    /// [`PersistError`].
665    ///
666    /// Note: Temporary files cannot be persisted across filesystems. Also
667    /// neither the file contents nor the containing directory are
668    /// synchronized, so the update may not yet have reached the disk when
669    /// `persist` returns.
670    ///
671    /// # Security
672    ///
673    /// This method persists the temporary file using its path and may not be
674    /// secure in the in all cases. Please read the security section on the top
675    /// level documentation of this type for details.
676    ///
677    /// # Errors
678    ///
679    /// If the file cannot be moved to the new location, `Err` is returned.
680    ///
681    /// # Examples
682    ///
683    /// ```no_run
684    /// # use std::io::{self, Write};
685    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
686    ///
687    /// # fn main() {
688    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
689    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
690    /// #     }
691    /// # }
692    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
693    /// let file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
694    ///
695    /// let mut persisted_file = file.persist("./saved_file.txt")?;
696    /// writeln!(persisted_file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
697    /// # Ok(())
698    /// # }
699    /// ```
700    ///
701    /// [`PersistError`]: struct.PersistError.html
702    pub fn persist<P: AsRef<Path>>(self, new_path: P) -> Result<File, PersistError> {
703        let NamedTempFile { path, file } = self;
704        match path.persist(new_path) {
705            Ok(_) => Ok(file),
706            Err(err) => {
707                let PathPersistError { error, path } = err;
708                Err(PersistError {
709                    file: NamedTempFile { path, file },
710                    error,
711                })
712            }
713        }
714    }
715
716    /// Persist the temporary file at the target path if and only if no file exists there.
717    ///
718    /// If a file exists at the target path, fail. If this method fails, it will
719    /// return `self` in the resulting PersistError.
720    ///
721    /// Note: Temporary files cannot be persisted across filesystems. Also Note:
722    /// This method is not atomic. It can leave the original link to the
723    /// temporary file behind.
724    ///
725    /// # Security
726    ///
727    /// This method persists the temporary file using its path and may not be
728    /// secure in the in all cases. Please read the security section on the top
729    /// level documentation of this type for details.
730    ///
731    /// # Errors
732    ///
733    /// If the file cannot be moved to the new location or a file already exists there,
734    /// `Err` is returned.
735    ///
736    /// # Examples
737    ///
738    /// ```no_run
739    /// # use std::io::{self, Write};
740    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
741    ///
742    /// # fn main() {
743    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
744    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
745    /// #     }
746    /// # }
747    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
748    /// let file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
749    ///
750    /// let mut persisted_file = file.persist_noclobber("./saved_file.txt")?;
751    /// writeln!(persisted_file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
752    /// # Ok(())
753    /// # }
754    /// ```
755    pub fn persist_noclobber<P: AsRef<Path>>(self, new_path: P) -> Result<File, PersistError> {
756        let NamedTempFile { path, file } = self;
757        match path.persist_noclobber(new_path) {
758            Ok(_) => Ok(file),
759            Err(err) => {
760                let PathPersistError { error, path } = err;
761                Err(PersistError {
762                    file: NamedTempFile { path, file },
763                    error,
764                })
765            }
766        }
767    }
768
769    /// Keep the temporary file from being deleted. This function will turn the
770    /// temporary file into a non-temporary file without moving it.
771    ///
772    ///
773    /// # Errors
774    ///
775    /// On some platforms (e.g., Windows), we need to mark the file as
776    /// non-temporary. This operation could fail.
777    ///
778    /// # Examples
779    ///
780    /// ```no_run
781    /// # use std::io::{self, Write};
782    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
783    ///
784    /// # fn main() {
785    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
786    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
787    /// #     }
788    /// # }
789    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
790    /// let mut file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
791    /// writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
792    ///
793    /// let (file, path) = file.keep()?;
794    /// # Ok(())
795    /// # }
796    /// ```
797    ///
798    /// [`PathPersistError`]: struct.PathPersistError.html
799    pub fn keep(self) -> Result<(File, PathBuf), PersistError> {
800        let (file, path) = (self.file, self.path);
801        match path.keep() {
802            Ok(path) => Ok((file, path)),
803            Err(PathPersistError { error, path }) => Err(PersistError {
804                file: NamedTempFile { path, file },
805                error,
806            }),
807        }
808    }
809
810    /// Securely reopen the temporary file.
811    ///
812    /// This function is useful when you need multiple independent handles to
813    /// the same file. It's perfectly fine to drop the original `NamedTempFile`
814    /// while holding on to `File`s returned by this function; the `File`s will
815    /// remain usable. However, they may not be nameable.
816    ///
817    /// # Errors
818    ///
819    /// If the file cannot be reopened, `Err` is returned.
820    ///
821    /// # Security
822    ///
823    /// Unlike `File::open(my_temp_file.path())`, `NamedTempFile::reopen()`
824    /// guarantees that the re-opened file is the _same_ file, even in the
825    /// presence of pathological temporary file cleaners.
826    ///
827    /// # Examples
828    ///
829    /// ```no_run
830    /// # use std::io;
831    /// use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
832    ///
833    /// # fn main() {
834    /// #     if let Err(_) = run() {
835    /// #         ::std::process::exit(1);
836    /// #     }
837    /// # }
838    /// # fn run() -> Result<(), io::Error> {
839    /// let file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
840    ///
841    /// let another_handle = file.reopen()?;
842    /// # Ok(())
843    /// # }
844    /// ```
845    pub fn reopen(&self) -> io::Result<File> {
846        imp::reopen(self.as_file(), NamedTempFile::path(self))
847            .with_err_path(|| NamedTempFile::path(self))
848    }
849
850    /// Get a reference to the underlying file.
851    pub fn as_file(&self) -> &File {
852        &self.file
853    }
854
855    /// Get a mutable reference to the underlying file.
856    pub fn as_file_mut(&mut self) -> &mut File {
857        &mut self.file
858    }
859
860    /// Convert the temporary file into a `std::fs::File`.
861    ///
862    /// The inner file will be deleted.
863    pub fn into_file(self) -> File {
864        self.file
865    }
866
867    /// Closes the file, leaving only the temporary file path.
868    ///
869    /// This is useful when another process must be able to open the temporary
870    /// file.
871    pub fn into_temp_path(self) -> TempPath {
872        self.path
873    }
874
875    /// Converts the named temporary file into its constituent parts.
876    ///
877    /// Note: When the path is dropped, the file is deleted but the file handle
878    /// is still usable.
879    pub fn into_parts(self) -> (File, TempPath) {
880        (self.file, self.path)
881    }
882}
883
884impl Read for NamedTempFile {
885    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
886        self.as_file_mut().read(buf).with_err_path(|| self.path())
887    }
888}
889
890impl<'a> Read for &'a NamedTempFile {
891    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
892        self.as_file().read(buf).with_err_path(|| self.path())
893    }
894}
895
896impl Write for NamedTempFile {
897    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
898        self.as_file_mut().write(buf).with_err_path(|| self.path())
899    }
900    #[inline]
901    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
902        self.as_file_mut().flush().with_err_path(|| self.path())
903    }
904}
905
906impl<'a> Write for &'a NamedTempFile {
907    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
908        self.as_file().write(buf).with_err_path(|| self.path())
909    }
910    #[inline]
911    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
912        self.as_file().flush().with_err_path(|| self.path())
913    }
914}
915
916impl Seek for NamedTempFile {
917    fn seek(&mut self, pos: SeekFrom) -> io::Result<u64> {
918        self.as_file_mut().seek(pos).with_err_path(|| self.path())
919    }
920}
921
922impl<'a> Seek for &'a NamedTempFile {
923    fn seek(&mut self, pos: SeekFrom) -> io::Result<u64> {
924        self.as_file().seek(pos).with_err_path(|| self.path())
925    }
926}
927
928#[cfg(unix)]
929impl std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd for NamedTempFile {
930    #[inline]
931    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> std::os::unix::io::RawFd {
932        self.as_file().as_raw_fd()
933    }
934}
935
936#[cfg(windows)]
937impl std::os::windows::io::AsRawHandle for NamedTempFile {
938    #[inline]
939    fn as_raw_handle(&self) -> std::os::windows::io::RawHandle {
940        self.as_file().as_raw_handle()
941    }
942}
943
944pub(crate) fn create_named(
945    mut path: PathBuf,
946    open_options: &mut OpenOptions,
947) -> io::Result<NamedTempFile> {
948    // Make the path absolute. Otherwise, changing directories could cause us to
949    // delete the wrong file.
950    if !path.is_absolute() {
951        path = env::current_dir()?.join(path)
952    }
953    imp::create_named(&path, open_options)
954        .with_err_path(|| path.clone())
955        .map(|file| NamedTempFile {
956            path: TempPath { path },
957            file,
958        })
959}